Conditions of Learning
Robert Gagne
History:
Robert Gagne was an experimental psychologist who was concerned with learning and instruction for several decades. His earlier work was in a behaviorist tradition, but later he was influenced by the information-processing view of learning and memory.During the 1940s, America was involved in WWII. The war created a great need for recruits adept at reading and interpretation of written manuals (McNeil, 2006). Military personnel were needed who could not just recite literature but understand it. This need was addressed by Robert Gagne through his theory of conditions of learning (Gagne, 1985)
A Focus on Robert Gagné's Instructional Theories: Application to Teaching Audio Engineering |
Theory:
This theory states that there are different types of learning (verbal information, intellectual skills, cognitive strategies, motor skill & attitudes) and that each type of learning requires a different type of instruction.
Five Categories of Learning:
1.Intellectual Skills
2.Cognitive Strategies 3.Verbal Information 4.Motor Skills 5. Attitudes |
Using discrimination's, concepts, and rules to solve problems
Using ways to control one's thinking and learning processes Stating facts, names, labels, or describing organized bodies of knowledge Executing body movements in coordinated fashion Choices we make to behave in certain ways |
Nine Steps in Planning Instruction:
1. Identify Learning Outcome
2. Identify Prerequisite Skills/Knowledge Learner Must Have 3. Identify The Type Of Instruction Needed To Reach Outcome 4.Specify The Learning Context 5. Record Characteristics Of Learners 6.Select The Media For Instruction 7. Plan To Motivate Learners 8. Test Instruction In The Form Of Formative Evaluation 9. Summative Evaluation of Instruction |
1. What do you want students to learn?
2. What do students need to know beforehand in order to be successful? 3. What do I as the instructor need to teach? 4. Why students are learning this and where will they use it in life? 5. What types of Learners are in my classroom? 6. What are you going to use to teach the information? 7. How will you get students get excited? 8. Do a trial run 9. Did the instruction work for students? |